故障1:在熱風檔電機不轉,電熱絲不熱也無冷風。
第一(yi)步:檢查(cha)供電保險絲是否熔斷,是則更換。否則繼續(xu)下(xia)面(mian)的。
第二步:查電源插(cha)頭(tou)、插(cha)座是否插(cha)好,接(jie)觸不良。
第三步:查電源線是(shi)否(fou)內部有暗斷,手柄內焊(han)(han)(han)點是(shi)否(fou)脫(tuo)焊(han)(han)(han)。(修復或更換電源線;拆開手柄,重焊(han)(han)(han)焊(han)(han)(han)點)
第四步:查選擇電吹風開關是(shi)否嚴重氧化,接觸不良或(huo)其中是(shi)否裂(lie)斷。(磨(mo)光(guang)擦(ca)拭處理或(huo)更換新開關)
故障2:在熱風檔電熱絲發熱,但電機不轉,前筒過熱但無熱風吹出
第一步:查電動(dong)機引出(chu)線是否脫焊或折斷(duan)(換(huan)新線或補焊)
第二步:查選(xuan)擇開(kai)關是否發黑或嚴重氧化(hua)(磨光或則換開(kai)關)
第三步(bu):查電動機架或風葉是(shi)否因碰撞(zhuang)偏斜(xie),移位(wei)或變形
第四步:檢查電動機錠子(zi)和轉(zhuan)子(zi)之(zhi)間是否有雜物
第五步(bu):查電動機錠子和轉子是否相碰
第六步(bu):查(cha)電動機錠子繞組(zu)或電樞組(zu)間是否斷(duan)路(lu)(lu)或短路(lu)(lu)(更換新電機或修理)
第七步:查電刷或(huo)換向器(qi)是(shi)否接(jie)觸不良(liang)或(huo)換向起短路
故障3:在熱風檔電機運轉,電熱絲不熱,只有冷風吹出
第(di)一(yi)步(bu):查電熱絲引出線(xian)是否(fou)脫焊(han)或折(zhe)斷
第(di)二步:查選擇開(kai)關(guan)是否接觸不良(liang)
第(di)三步:查固定(ding)電(dian)熱絲的螺(luo)釘是(shi)否松(song)動(dong)或者氧(yang)化過多而接觸不良(liang)
第四(si)步:查電(dian)(dian)熱絲燒斷應更新電(dian)(dian)熱絲或想(xiang)辦法連上
故障4:電吹風有漏電現象
第(di)一(yi)步:細觀察是否電機繞組受潮(烘干(gan))
第(di)二(er)步:查(cha)電機繞組是否(fou)老化,絕緣(yuan)強度下降(更換電機或繞組)
第三步(bu):拆開電(dian)機(ji),查繞組是否(fou)有破損或者碰(peng)殼現(xian)象
第四步:查引出線是否有破損碰殼(換線)
第五步:查電熱絲是否有碰(peng)觸外殼(ke)現象
故障5:吹出的熱風風量小過熱
第一步:查進風(feng)口是否被擋過(guo)多
第二步:查風(feng)葉是否有同外殼輕微摩(mo)擦現象使轉速減慢(man)
第三步(bu):查是否(fou)軸承缺油是否(fou)過緊
第(di)四步:查錠子(zi)饒組或電樞繞組是否局(ju)部短(duan)路
第五步:查電刷是否(fou)壓力過大(da)
電吹風是常用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)小家電(dian),由(you)于電(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)絲發熱(re)(re)(re)功率大,發熱(re)(re)(re)集中,其連接部分很容(rong)易松(song)動。常見(jian)的(de)連接方法是用(yong)(yong)(yong)黃(huang)(huang)銅(tong)(tong)鉚釘將(jiang)電(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)絲等導(dao)線鉚緊(jin)在云母板上。黃(huang)(huang)銅(tong)(tong)、鎳鉻絲、銅(tong)(tong)導(dao)線三(san)者的(de)熱(re)(re)(re)膨脹(zhang)系數不(bu)(bu)同,使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)一(yi)段(duan)時間(jian)后鉚接點(dian)就會(hui)(hui)松(song)動,導(dao)致接觸不(bu)(bu)良(liang)甚至(zhi)打火。找一(yi)根(gen)醫用(yong)(yong)(yong)10號(hao)以(yi)上的(de)不(bu)(bu)銹鋼(gang)注射針頭,切取5~10mm長的(de)一(yi)小段(duan),穿卡在原來(lai)的(de)黃(huang)(huang)銅(tong)(tong)鉚釘孔中作支點(dian)。因為紫銅(tong)(tong)的(de)熱(re)(re)(re)脹(zhang)系數比(bi)不(bu)(bu)銹鋼(gang)大,當溫度升高后不(bu)(bu)但不(bu)(bu)會(hui)(hui)松(song)動,反(fan)而會(hui)(hui)接觸得更緊(jin),筆者用(yong)(yong)(yong)此法修理過多種電(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)器件都很成功,長時間(jian)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)導(dao)電(dian)都十分良(liang)好。
電吹風構成部件:
電吹風一般由殼體、電動機、風葉、電熱元件、手柄和開關等部件構成。電吹風的(de)殼體一(yi)般(ban)采用(yong)薄鐵板或銅(tong)板沖制焊接,再鍍上鎳鉻,也有的(de)采用(yong)工程塑(su)料(liao)壓(ya)制而成(cheng)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)吹(chui)(chui)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)核心(xin)部件(jian),一(yi)般(ban)采用(yong)串激(ji)(ji)式、罩極式和(he)永磁(ci)式三種(zhong)。采用(yong)罩極式電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)吹(chui)(chui)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)低(di),但風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)溫高,故適應(ying)于吹(chui)(chui)干濕發(fa)和(he)整(zheng)理發(fa)型;采用(yong)串激(ji)(ji)式和(he)永磁(ci)式電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)吹(chui)(chui)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)高而風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)溫低(di),更適應(ying)于吹(chui)(chui)塵及(ji)物品烘干等。永磁(ci)式電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機工作電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)較低(di),且是(shi)直流(liu),這需(xu)要增加降壓(ya)整(zheng)流(liu)裝(zhuang)置。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)吹(chui)(chui)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)葉大都(dou)安裝(zhuang)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機的(de)軸端上,位于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)吹(chui)(chui)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)尾部,有金屬扇(shan)葉和(he)塑(su)料(liao)扇(shan)葉兩(liang)種(zhong)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)吹(chui)(chui)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱元件(jian)一(yi)般(ban)采用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱絲(si)繞(rao)制而成(cheng),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱絲(si)有扁(bian)形和(he)圓線兩(liang)種(zhong),裝(zhuang)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)吹(chui)(chui)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)出(chu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)附(fu)近。工作時,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機帶動(dong)扇(shan)葉旋(xuan)轉,由(you)吸風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)吸入冷(leng)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng),然后由(you)出(chu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)吹(chui)(chui)出(chu)。
電吹風的(de)開(kai)關(guan)的(de)撓板式、推桿式和按鈕(niu)式三種,一般有(you)“熱(re)風(feng)(feng)”、“冷(leng)(leng)(leng)風(feng)(feng)”和“停(ting)”三擋(dang),用(yong)不同的(de)顏(yan)色(se)作(zuo)標記;白色(se)表示(shi)“停(ting)止”,紅(hong)色(se)表示(shi)送“熱(re)風(feng)(feng)”,藍色(se)表示(shi)送“冷(leng)(leng)(leng)風(feng)(feng)”。電(dian)動機旋轉(zhuan)時,若開(kai)關(guan)置(zhi)“冷(leng)(leng)(leng)風(feng)(feng)”位(wei)置(zhi),這時電(dian)熱(re)元(yuan)件是(shi)(shi)斷開(kai)的(de),出風(feng)(feng)口吹出的(de)是(shi)(shi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)風(feng)(feng);若置(zhi)“熱(re)風(feng)(feng)”位(wei)置(zhi),這時電(dian)熱(re)元(yuan)件是(shi)(shi)接通的(de),則(ze)吹出的(de)是(shi)(shi)熱(re)風(feng)(feng)。